Cbl-b inhibition promotes less differentiated phenotypes of T cells with enhanced cytokine production

Cell Immunol. 2024 Sep-Oct:403-404:104863. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104863. Epub 2024 Aug 23.

Abstract

For adoptive therapy with T cell receptor engineered T (TCR-T) cells, the quantity and quality of the final cell product directly affect their anti-tumor efficacy. The post-transfer efficacy window of TCR-T cells is keen to optimizing attempts during the manufacturing process. Cbl-b is a E3 ubiquitin ligase previously shown with critical negative impact in T cell functions. This study investigated whether strategic inclusion of a commercially available small inhibitor targeting Cbl-b (Cbl-b-IN-1) prior to T cell activation could enhance the quality of the final TCR-T cell product. Examination with both PBMCs and TCR-T cells revealed that Cbl-b-IN-1 treatment promoted TCR expression efficiency, T cell proliferation potential and, specifically, cell survival capability post antigenic stimulation. Cbl-b-IN-1 exposure facilitated T cells in maintaining less differentiated states with enhanced cytokine production. Further, we found that Cbl-b-IN-1 effectively augmented the activation of TCR signaling, shown by increased phosphorylation levels of Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP70) and phospholipase c-γ1 (PLCγ1). In conclusion, our results evidence that the inclusion of Cbl-b inhibitor immediately prior to TCR-T cell activation may enhance their proliferation, survival, and function potentials, presenting an applicable optimization strategy for immunotherapy with adoptive cell transfer.

Keywords: Cbl-b inhibitor; Differentiation; Proliferation; TCR signaling; TCR-T.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing* / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation* / drug effects
  • Cell Differentiation* / immunology
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cytokines* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive / methods
  • Lymphocyte Activation* / drug effects
  • Lymphocyte Activation* / immunology
  • Phenotype
  • Phospholipase C gamma / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl* / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell* / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes* / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes* / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes* / metabolism
  • ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / metabolism

Substances

  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl
  • Cytokines
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • CBLB protein, human
  • Phospholipase C gamma
  • ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase