Evaluation of Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120 on Human Uveal Melanoma Cell Line 92-1

Anticancer Res. 2024 Sep;44(9):3843-3848. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17210.

Abstract

Background/aim: Uveal melanoma (UM) represents a prevailing primary intraocular malignancy, with a limited median overall survival among metastatic patients, and most tumors lack RAF/RAS mutations. The pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 has demonstrated valuable anti-tumor effects in a wide range of RAF/RASmut and wild-type (WT) tumor models. This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor effect of LY3009120 on 92-1 UM cell line.

Materials and methods: The effect of the pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 on cell proliferation, metabolic activity, biomass, early and late apoptosis/necrosis, and morphology was characterized in vitro (0.1-5 μM for 48 h/72 h). Furthermore, targeted panel sequencing was used to characterize the mutational landscape of the human 92-1 UM cell line.

Results: LY3009120 showed a significant concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effect on 92-1 cells. Cell proliferation and viability were significantly reduced at the lowest effective concentration of 0.5 μM (at 48 and 72 h, p<0.001). Furthermore, LY3009120 caused significant early apoptosis and late apoptosis/necrosis in 92-1 cells at 5 μM. Except for TP53, NGS showed that all 49 additional analysed genes (Oncomine myeloid panel) of 92-1 were wild-type, including BRAF, NRAS, and KRAS.

Conclusion: The pan-RAF inhibitor LY3009120 demonstrated a significant anti-tumor effect on human UM cell line 92-1 independent of the molecular BRAF and RAS mutational status.

Keywords: 92-1; Human malignant melanoma; LY3009120; Pan-RAF inhibitor; cellular response; uveal melanoma.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis* / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Melanoma* / drug therapy
  • Melanoma* / genetics
  • Melanoma* / metabolism
  • Melanoma* / pathology
  • Mutation
  • Phenylurea Compounds / pharmacology
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics
  • Pyrimidines
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • LY3009120
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Phenylurea Compounds
  • Pyrimidines

Supplementary concepts

  • Uveal melanoma