Anticoagulation Alone vs Anticoagulation Plus Aspirin or DAPT Following Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024 Sep 3;84(10):889-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.067.

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of and outcomes associated with different antithrombotic strategies after left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) are not well described.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate patterns of antithrombotic medication strategies at discharge following LAAO with the Watchman FLX device in real-world practice and to compare the risk of adverse events among the different antithrombotic regimens.

Methods: The authors evaluated patients in the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) LAAO Registry who underwent LAAO with the second-generation LAA closure device between 2020 and 2022. They grouped patients by mutually exclusive discharge antithrombotic strategies and compared the rates of adverse events at 45 days and 6 months using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results: Among 53,878 patients undergoing successful LAAO with the second-generation LAA closure device, the most common antithrombotic discharge regimens were direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) plus aspirin (48.3%), DOAC alone (22.6%), dual antiplatelet therapy (8.1%), warfarin plus aspirin (7.7%), and DOAC plus P2Y12 inhibitor (4.9%). In multivariate analysis, DOAC alone had a lower rate of major adverse events and major bleeding at 45 days of follow-up compared with DOAC plus aspirin (major adverse events: HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68-0.91; major bleeding: HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.60-0.80). These differences persisted at 6 months. Warfarin without aspirin also showed lower rates of major bleeding at both time points. No differences were seen in stroke/transient ischemic attack or device-related thrombus.

Conclusions: In real-world U.S. practice, discharge on DOAC alone or warfarin alone was associated with a lower rate of adverse events compared with DOAC plus aspirin.

Keywords: antithrombic therapy; atrial fibrillation; bleeding; left atrial appendage occlusion; stroke.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anticoagulants* / administration & dosage
  • Anticoagulants* / adverse effects
  • Aspirin* / administration & dosage
  • Aspirin* / adverse effects
  • Aspirin* / therapeutic use
  • Atrial Appendage* / surgery
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / drug therapy
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* / administration & dosage
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Registries
  • Stroke / epidemiology
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / prevention & control

Substances

  • Aspirin
  • Anticoagulants
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors