Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis and herpes simplex virus: a case of possible overlap

BMJ Case Rep. 2024 Aug 30;17(8):e260873. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260873.

Abstract

Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare cutaneous disorder that presents with numerous non-follicular, pinpoint sterile pustules on a background of oedematous erythema that can coalesce, leading to desquamation. 90% of cases are triggered by medications, most often with antibiotics as the culprit. However, other triggers including viral infection have also been reported. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) as a viral trigger has not been previously explored. Here, we present a case of AGEP caused by bupropion, followed by a second presentation of assumed acute limited exanthematous pustulosis in the setting of disseminated HSV. This case may represent the first report of AGEP and HSV overlap. It also presents the interesting dilemma of differentiating AGEP and disseminated HSV (which can present similarly) as well as determining appropriate treatment and the utility versus risk of systemic steroid administration.

Keywords: Dermatology; Immunology; Infections; Infectious diseases; Skin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis* / diagnosis
  • Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis* / etiology
  • Antiviral Agents / adverse effects
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Herpes Simplex* / diagnosis
  • Herpes Simplex* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Simplexvirus

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents