Expanding the Clinical Phenotype with CD79A Mutation and Refractory Helicobacter Bilis Infection

J Clin Immunol. 2024 Aug 31;44(8):187. doi: 10.1007/s10875-024-01792-9.

Abstract

Autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia is a severe primary antibody deficiency disorder typically presenting in infancy. We present a rare case of an 8-year-old boy with AR agammaglobulinemia due to a homozygous splice site variant (c.499-1G > A) in the CD79A gene. Despite monthly intravenous immunoglobulin replacement and prophylactic antibiotics, he developed refractory Helicobacter bilis leg ulcers. Helicobacter species are known for extracellular colonization and are challenging to culture, necessitating molecular diagnostics for identification. The patient required prolonged treatment with intravenous meropenem followed by oral metronidazole and doxycycline for resolution of the ulcers over two years. The patient also exhibited persistent asymptomatic thrombocytopenia, an atypical finding in CD79A mutation cases. This case underscores the importance of genetic diagnosis and targeted antimicrobial therapy in managing rare infections associated with primary immunodeficiencies like autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia due to CD79A mutation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Agammaglobulinemia* / diagnosis
  • Agammaglobulinemia* / genetics
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • CD79 Antigens* / genetics
  • Child
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked
  • Helicobacter / genetics
  • Helicobacter Infections* / complications
  • Helicobacter Infections* / diagnosis
  • Helicobacter Infections* / drug therapy
  • Helicobacter Infections* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Mutation* / genetics
  • Phenotype*

Substances

  • CD79 Antigens
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

Supplementary concepts

  • Bruton type agammaglobulinemia