Dispersion strategies of nanomaterials in polymeric inks for efficient 3D printing of soft and smart 3D structures: A systematic review

Mahdiyar Shahbazi; Henry Jäger; Rammile Ettelaie; Jianshe Chen; Peyman Asghartabar Kashi; Adeleh Mohammadi

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2024.103285

Dispersion strategies of nanomaterials in polymeric inks for efficient 3D printing of soft and smart 3D structures: A systematic review

Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2024 Nov:333:103285. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103285. Epub 2024 Aug 26.

Authors

Mahdiyar Shahbazi¹, Henry Jäger², Rammile Ettelaie³, Jianshe Chen⁴, Peyman Asghartabar Kashi⁵, Adeleh Mohammadi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Material Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Institute of Material Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
⁴ Food Oral Processing Laboratory, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁵ Faculty of Biosystem, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University Hamburg, Institute of Food Chemistry, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.

PMID: 39216400
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103285

Abstract

Nanoscience-often summarized as "the future is tiny"-highlights the work of researchers advancing nanotechnology through incremental innovations. The design and innovation of new nanomaterials are vital for the development of next-generation three-dimensional (3D) printed structures characterized by low cost, high speed, and versatile capabilities, delivering exceptional performance in advanced applications. The integration of nanofillers into polymeric-based inks for 3D printing heralds a new era in additive manufacturing, allowing for the creation of custom-designed 3D objects with enhanced multifunctionality. To optimize the use of nanomaterials in 3D printing, effective disaggregation techniques and strong interfacial adhesion between nanofillers and polymer matrices are essential. This review provides an overview of the application of various types of nanomaterials used in 3D printing, focusing on their functionalization principles, dispersion strategies, and colloidal stability, as well as the methodologies for aligning nanofillers within the 3D printing framework. It discusses dispersive methods, synergistic dispersion, and in-situ growth, which have yielded smart 3D-printed structures with unique functionality for specific applications. This review also focuses on nanomaterial alignment in 3D printing, detailing methods that enhance selective deposition and orientation of nanofillers within established and customized printing techniques. By emphasizing alignment strategies, we explore their impact on the performance of 3D-printed composites and highlight potential applications that benefit from ordered nanoparticles. Through these continuing efforts, this review shows that the design and development of the new class of nanomaterials are crucial to developing the next generation of smart 3D printed architectures with versatile abilities for advanced structures with exceptional performance.

Keywords: 3D printing; Biomedical engineering; Dispersive methods; Functionalized nanomaterials; MOFs; Nanoparticle alignments; Non-covalent bonding; Pharmaceutical applications; Solid-state shear milling.

Publication types

Review