Sheep and goats as reservoirs of colistin-resistant E. coli: first detection of ETEC ST10 and E. coli ST6396 mcr-1 positive strains in North Africa

J Appl Microbiol. 2024 Sep 2;135(9):lxae227. doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxae227.

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to screen and characterize colistin-resistant strains isolated from different livestock species in Algeria, including sheep, goats, and dromedaries.

Methods and results: A total of 197 rectal and nasal swabs were screened for colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. Twenty one isolates were selected, identified, and their antibiotic resistance was phenotypically and genotypically characterized. The majority (15/21) were affiliated to Escherichia coli, from which 4 strains isolated from sheep (n = 2) and goats (n = 2) and belonging to phylogroup A and ST10 and ST6396 lineages, respectively, carried the mcr-1 gene. The remaining isolates were identified as belonging to the following genera: Raoultella, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas.

Conclusion: This study highlights the presence of virulent and multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli in farm animals, increasing the risk of transmitting potentially fatal infections to humans.

Keywords: E. coli; mcr-1; Algeria; antimicrobial resistance; colistin; farm animals.

MeSH terms

  • Africa, Northern
  • Algeria
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Colistin* / pharmacology
  • Disease Reservoirs / microbiology
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / genetics
  • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli Infections* / microbiology
  • Escherichia coli Infections* / veterinary
  • Escherichia coli Proteins* / genetics
  • Goats*
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Sheep

Substances

  • Colistin
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • MCR-1 protein, E coli
  • Escherichia coli Proteins