[Exposure to noise at home, emotional behaviour, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in 9-year-old children]

An Sist Sanit Navar. 2024 Aug 29;47(2):e1079. doi: 10.23938/ASSN.1079.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between noise disturbance at home, sleep disturbance, and neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old children.

Material and methods: Noise exposure (frequency) perceived by 430 9-year-old children from the INMA cohort in Valencia, Spain, were reported by their mothers. The risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems, were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist.

Results: The risk of internalizing (18%) and externalizing problems (11.7%) was higher compared to the risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1.4%) and were more prevalent in boys than in girls. The most common and bothersome noise exposures were generated at home (50.8-55.3%) and by neighbours (24.5%). The risk of neurodevelopmental problems was associated with sleep disturbances, particularly in relation with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (16.1 vs 4%; p<0.001), with no differences observed between sex. Sleep disturbances were significantly more common in children exposed to noise from household or neighbours. High levels of noise exposure from street traffic and neighbours were linked to an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while noise from other children at home was associated with a higher risk of internalizing and externalizing problems. These effects remained consistent even after adjusting for sleep disturbances.

Conclusions: High levels of noise annoyance from various sources perceived at home are differently associated with the risks of different neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old boys and girls, with sleep disturbances not influencing this relationship.

Fundamento:: Analizar la relación entre exposición al ruido en casa, problemas de sueño y riesgo de desarrollar problemas de neurodesarrollo en escolares de 9 años.

Material y métodos:: La exposición -frecuencia de molestia (baja, media, alta) por ruido de distintas fuentes percibida por 430 escolares de 9 años de la cohorte INMA-Valencia- fue informada por sus madres. El riesgo de desarrollar trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH), problemas internalizantes y problemas externalizantes se evaluó mediante el Child Behavior Checklist.

Resultados:: Las prevalencias de riesgo de problemas internalizantes (18%) y externalizantes (11,7%) fueron mayores que de TDAH (1,4%), y en niños mayores que en niñas. Las exposiciones más habituales y molestas se generaban en el propio hogar (50,8-55,3%) y por vecinos (24,5%). El riesgo de problemas de neurodesarrollo se asoció con problemas de sueño, especialmente para TDAH (16,1 vs 4%; p<0,001), sin diferencias por sexo. Los problemas de sueño fueron significativamente más frecuentes en escolares expuestos a ruido por otras actividades en el hogar o por vecinos. Altos niveles de exposición a tráfico en la calle y a vecinos predijeron riesgo de TDAH, mientras que a otros niños en casa predijo riesgo de problemas internalizantes y externalizantes; estos efectos no variaron al ajustar por problemas de sueño.

Conclusiones:: Altos niveles de molestia por ruido de distintas fuentes percibido en el hogar se relacionan de forma variable con el riesgo de distintos problemas en el neurodesarrollo de niños y niñas de 9 años, sin que los problemas de sueño afecten dicha relación.

Publication types

  • English Abstract

MeSH terms

  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / epidemiology
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / etiology
  • Child
  • Emotions
  • Environmental Exposure / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Noise* / adverse effects
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / epidemiology
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / etiology