Amphotericin B and micafungin duo-loaded nanoemulsion as a potential strategy against Candida auris biofilms

Biofouling. 2024 Oct;40(9):602-616. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2396020. Epub 2024 Sep 8.

Abstract

Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast that has seen a worrying increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. Give7/n this, new therapeutic options, such as controlled-release nanomaterials, may be promising in combating the infection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop amphotericin B (AmB) and micafungin (MICA)-loaded nanoemulsions (NEMA) and evaluated against biofilms of C. auris. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were characterized and determined minimum inhibitory concentration MIC90, checkerboard and anti-biofilm. NEMA presented a size of 53.7 and 81.4 nm for DLS and NTA, respectively, with good stability and spherical morphology. MICAmB incorporated efficiency was 88.4 and 99.3%, respectively. The release results show that AmB and MICA obtained a release of 100 and 63.4%, respectively. MICAmB and NEMA showed MIC90 values of 0.015 and 0.031 ug/mL, respectively and synergism. NEMA showed greater metabolic inhibition and morphological changes in mature biofilms. This drugs combination and co-encapsulation proved to be a promising therapy against C. auris biofilms.

Keywords: Biofilm; Candida auris; Infection disease; Nanoemulsion; Nanotechnology.

MeSH terms

  • Amphotericin B* / administration & dosage
  • Amphotericin B* / chemistry
  • Amphotericin B* / pharmacology
  • Antifungal Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Antifungal Agents* / chemistry
  • Antifungal Agents* / pharmacology
  • Biofilms* / drug effects
  • COVID-19
  • Candida auris* / drug effects
  • Emulsions* / chemistry
  • Emulsions* / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Micafungin* / administration & dosage
  • Micafungin* / pharmacology
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests*
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • SARS-CoV-2 / drug effects

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Amphotericin B
  • Micafungin
  • Emulsions