Reduction of N-nitrosamine in cured ham using atmospheric cold plasma-treated cauliflower powder

Meat Sci. 2025 Jan:219:109649. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109649. Epub 2024 Sep 6.

Abstract

The effects of cauliflower treated with atmospheric cold plasma (ACP), as a natural nitrite source, on the curing of ground ham and nitrosamine formation were investigated. Ground ham was prepared using sodium nitrite and ACP-treated cauliflower powder (PTCP) to achieve initial nitrite concentrations of 60 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. ACP treatment generated nitrite in cauliflower but significantly reduced the antioxidant activity (P < 0.05). As a nitrite source, PTCP had similar effects as sodium nitrite in the development of cured color in ground ham, with a comparable residual nitrite content (P ≥ 0.05). Three nitrosamines, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), were detected in ground ham. NPYR formation was significantly lower in ground ham treated with PTCP at an initial nitrite concentration of 100 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Therefore, the use of a natural nitrite source manufactured through ACP treatment can prospectively achieve suitable curing efficiency while simultaneously suppressing nitrosamine formation.

Keywords: Atmospheric cold plasma; Cauliflower; Ground ham; Meat product; Nitrite; Nitrosamine.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants
  • Brassica* / chemistry
  • Color
  • Diethylnitrosamine
  • Dimethylnitrosamine
  • Food Handling / methods
  • Food Preservation / methods
  • Meat Products* / analysis
  • N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
  • Nitrites / analysis
  • Nitrosamines* / analysis
  • Plasma Gases*
  • Powders
  • Sodium Nitrite* / chemistry
  • Swine

Substances

  • Plasma Gases
  • Nitrosamines
  • Sodium Nitrite
  • Dimethylnitrosamine
  • Powders
  • Diethylnitrosamine
  • Antioxidants
  • Nitrites
  • N-Nitrosopyrrolidine