Synthesis of Hybrid Molecules with Imidazole-1,3,4-thiadiazole Core and Evaluation of Biological Activity on Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani

Molecules. 2024 Aug 30;29(17):4125. doi: 10.3390/molecules29174125.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to obtain and evaluate, as antiprotozoals, new derivatives of benzoate imidazo-1,3,4-thiadiazole 18-23 based on the concepts of molecular repositioning and hybridization. In the design of these compounds, two important pharmacophoric subunits of the fexnidazole prototype were used: metronidazole was used as a repositioning molecule, p-aminobenzoic acid was incorporated as a bridge group, and 1,3,4-thiadiazole group was incorporated as a second pharmacophore, which at position 5 has an aromatic group with different substituents incorporated. The final six compounds were obtained through a five-step linear route with moderate to good yields. The biological results demonstrated the potential of this new class of compounds, since three of them 19-21 showed inhibitory activity on proliferation, in the order of 50%, in the in vitro assay against epimastigotes of T. cruzi (Strain Y sensitive to nifurtimox and benznidazole) and promastigotes of L. donovani, at a single concentration of 50 μM.

Keywords: L. donovani; T. cruzi; hybridization; nitroimidazole; thiadiazole.

MeSH terms

  • Antiprotozoal Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / chemistry
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology
  • Imidazoles* / chemical synthesis
  • Imidazoles* / chemistry
  • Imidazoles* / pharmacology
  • Leishmania donovani* / drug effects
  • Leishmania donovani* / growth & development
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiadiazoles* / chemical synthesis
  • Thiadiazoles* / chemistry
  • Thiadiazoles* / pharmacology
  • Trypanosoma cruzi* / drug effects

Substances

  • Thiadiazoles
  • Imidazoles
  • 1,3,4-thiadiazole
  • Antiprotozoal Agents

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Venezuela, grants number 20240PGP82 and 20220PGP65.