Centromedian thalamic deep brain stimulation for idiopathic generalized epilepsy: Connectivity and target optimization

Epilepsia. 2024 Nov;65(11):e197-e203. doi: 10.1111/epi.18122. Epub 2024 Sep 14.

Abstract

There are limited treatment options for individuals with drug-resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Small, limited case series suggest that centromedian thalamus deep brain stimulation (CM-DBS) may be an effective treatment option. The optimal CM-DBS target for IGE is underexamined. Here, we present a retrospective analysis of CM-DBS targeting and efficacy for five patients with drug-resistant IGE. Volume of tissue activated (VTA) overlap with CM nucleus was performed using an open-source toolbox. Median follow-up time was 13 months. Median convulsive seizure frequency reduction was 66%. One patient had only absence seizures, with >99% reduction in absence seizure frequency. Four patients had electrode contacts positioned within the CM nucleus target, all of whom had >50% reduction in primary semiology seizure, with 85% median seizure reduction (p = .004, paired-sample t test). Volumetric "sweet-spot" mapping revealed that best outcomes were correlated with stimulation of the middle ventral CM nucleus. Connectivity strength between the sweet-spot region and central peri-Rolandic cortex was increased significantly relative to other cortical regions (p = 8.6 × 10-4, Mann-Whitney U test). Our findings indicate that CM-DBS can be an effective treatment for patients with IGE, highlight the importance of accurate targeting and targeting analysis, and within the context of prior work, suggest that ideal CM-DBS targets may be syndrome specific.

Keywords: connectivity analysis; electrical brain stimulation; neuromodulation; volumetric mapping.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Deep Brain Stimulation* / methods
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy* / physiopathology
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy* / therapy
  • Epilepsy, Generalized* / physiopathology
  • Epilepsy, Generalized* / therapy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Supplementary concepts

  • Epilepsy, Idiopathic Generalized