Sociodemographic, Occupational, and Health Profile of Brazilian Housekeepers and House Cleaners-A Hypothesis-Generating Study

New Solut. 2024 Nov;34(3):213-223. doi: 10.1177/10482911241276377. Epub 2024 Sep 19.

Abstract

For many women, house cleaning is an important way to participate in the labor market. In Brazil, there are 2 types of domestic workers: housekeepers have relatively secure employment and house cleaners are day laborers. The aim of this hypothesis-generating study was to describe the sociodemographic, occupational and health profile of a sample of domestic workers in Brazil. House cleaners received lower wages, had longer daily working hours and worked in a larger number of homes each week in comparison to housekeepers. About 51% of the domestic workers in this sample reported the use of pain medication and 34% reported spinal problems. Musculoskeletal symptoms were frequent in the lower back and upper limbs. Forty-seven percent reported high blood pressure. This study highlights the vulnerability of domestic workers, especially house cleaners, regarding workload, salary, and health conditions. Level of education is a contributing factor to this vulnerability.

Keywords: gender; health problems; musculoskeletal symptoms; occupational exposure.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brazil
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Household Work* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / epidemiology
  • Occupational Diseases / epidemiology
  • Occupational Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Salaries and Fringe Benefits / statistics & numerical data
  • Sociodemographic Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Workload / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult