Association between SMOF lipid and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis compared with Intralipid in extremely low birth weight infants: A retrospective cohort study

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2024 Nov;48(8):949-955. doi: 10.1002/jpen.2689. Epub 2024 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: There is limited evidence on benefits of SMOF lipids (mixed fatty acid emulsion of 30% soybean oil, 30% medium chain triglycerides, 25% olive oil, and 15% fish oil) in reducing parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in extremely low birth weight infants, compared with soybean oil-based Intralipid.

Aim: To compare incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in preterm infants who received Intralipid vs SMOF lipid.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on infants with birth weight <1000 g, admitted between January 2013 to December 2022, who received parenteral nutrition for >14 days and divided them into two groups based on lipid emulsion received (Intralipid, n = 187, SMOF, n = 127). Primary outcome was incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis, defined as direct bilirubin ≥2 mg/dl.

Results: Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups. No significant difference was noted in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis between the two groups on logistic regression, (adjusted odds ratio: 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.35-1.42, P value 0.33) after adjusting for gestational age, parenteral nutrition days, lipid days, and late-onset sepsis.

Conclusion: There was no difference in the rates of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis between preterm infants administered SMOF lipids and those given Intralipid.

Keywords: SMOF lipid; cholestasis; extremely low birth weight infants; preterm infants; soybean oil–based Intralipid.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Bilirubin / blood
  • Cholestasis* / etiology
  • Emulsions
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous* / administration & dosage
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Fish Oils* / administration & dosage
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight*
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature*
  • Male
  • Olive Oil* / administration & dosage
  • Parenteral Nutrition* / adverse effects
  • Parenteral Nutrition* / methods
  • Phospholipids* / administration & dosage
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Soybean Oil* / administration & dosage
  • Soybean Oil* / adverse effects
  • Triglycerides* / blood

Substances

  • Soybean Oil
  • Phospholipids
  • Olive Oil
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
  • SMOFlipid
  • Fish Oils
  • Triglycerides
  • Emulsions
  • Bilirubin