Control of Hepatitis B Virus with Imdusiran, a Small Interfering RNA Therapeutic

ACS Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 11;10(10):3640-3649. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00514. Epub 2024 Sep 22.

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B is a global health concern with a high risk of end-stage liver disease. Current standard-of-care agents have low cure rates, and new therapies are needed. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that target viral RNAs fulfill a gap not addressed by standard-of-care agents and may contribute to a functional cure. Here, we describe the preclinical characterization of imdusiran (AB-729), a novel, pan-genotypic siRNA therapeutic that effectively reduces HBsAg, viral antigens, and viral replication in chronic hepatitis B patients and is currently in Phase 2 clinical studies. In hepatitis B virus (HBV) cell-based systems, imdusiran possessed pan-genotypic nanomolar potency and retained activity against HBV target site polymorphisms. Imdusiran was active against nucleos(t)ide analogue- and capsid assembly modulator-resistant HBV isolates, and combination with standard-of-care agents was additive. In an HBV adeno-associated virus mouse model, HBsAg was reduced up to 3.7 log10 after a single imdusiran dose, with sustained suppression for 10 weeks. Imdusiran did not intrinsically stimulate cytokine release in healthy donor human whole blood, supportive of its mechanism of action as a direct acting RNA interference antiviral. Taken together, these data support imdusiran in combination treatment approaches toward chronic hepatitis B functional cure.

Keywords: AB-729; RNAi; functional cure; hepatitis B virus; imdusiran; siRNA.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antiviral Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / genetics
  • Hepatitis B virus* / drug effects
  • Hepatitis B virus* / genetics
  • Hepatitis B virus* / physiology
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / virology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • RNA, Small Interfering* / genetics
  • Virus Replication* / drug effects

Substances

  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens