Specifications of the ACMG/AMP variant curation guidelines for the analysis of germline ATM sequence variants

Am J Hum Genet. 2024 Nov 7;111(11):2411-2426. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.08.022. Epub 2024 Sep 23.

Abstract

The ClinGen Hereditary Breast, Ovarian, and Pancreatic Cancer (HBOP) Variant Curation Expert Panel (VCEP) is composed of internationally recognized experts in clinical genetics, molecular biology, and variant interpretation. This VCEP made specifications for the American College of Medical Genetics and Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines for the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene according to the ClinGen protocol. These gene-specific rules for ATM were modified from the ACMG/AMP guidelines and were tested against 33 ATM variants of various types and classifications in a pilot curation phase. The pilot revealed a majority agreement between the HBOP VCEP classifications and the ClinVar-deposited classifications. Six pilot variants had conflicting interpretations in ClinVar, and re-evaluation with the VCEP's ATM-specific rules resulted in four that were classified as benign, one as likely pathogenic, and one as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) by the VCEP, improving the certainty of interpretations in the public domain. Overall, 28 of the 33 pilot variants were not VUS, leading to an 85% classification rate. The ClinGen-approved, modified rules demonstrated value for improved interpretation of variants in ATM.

Keywords: ACMG; ATM; ClinGen; Variant Curation Expert Panel; ataxia telangiectasia; breast cancer; classification; rules specifications; variant interpretation.

MeSH terms

  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins* / genetics
  • Databases, Genetic
  • Female
  • Genetic Testing / methods
  • Genetic Testing / standards
  • Genetic Variation
  • Germ-Line Mutation* / genetics
  • Humans

Substances

  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
  • ATM protein, human