MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SARCOCYSTIS INFECTIONS IN THE MUSCLES OF GRAY WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS) FROM MINNESOTA SUGGEST THEY MAY SERVE AS RESERVOIRS FOR INFECTION IN DOMESTICATED DOGS

J Parasitol. 2024 Sep 1;110(5):471-485. doi: 10.1645/24-72.

Abstract

Sarcocystis infections were found for the first time in the muscles of 3 of 3 gray wolves (Canis lupus) from Minnesota. Two kinds (thin-walled and thick-walled) of sarcocysts were detected, based on the appearance of the sarcocyst wall. In wolf 1, sarcocysts were thin-walled (<0.5 μm), and without any visible protrusions. Ultrastructurally, the sarcocyst wall was type 1a and identical to Sarcocystis svanai of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). The second kind of sarcocyst, with a relatively thicker (>1 μm) sarcocyst wall, was detected in wolves 2 and 3. Ultrastructurally, the sarcocyst wall had undulating, pleomorphic villar protrusion of type 9c; these sarcocysts were identical to Sarcocystis caninum from the domestic dog. Molecularly, the 2 Sarcocystis species were characterized using 18S, 28S, COI, ITS-1, and rpoB genetic markers. All these markers showed 100% identity to either of the 2 species previously described from the domestic dog. The thick-walled sarococyst corresponded to Sarcocystis caninum, whereas the thin-walled sarcocyst corresponded to Sarcocystis svanai.

Keywords: Sarcocystis caninum; Sarcocystis svanai; Gray wolf (Canis lupus); Minnesota.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • DNA, Protozoan* / chemistry
  • DNA, Protozoan* / isolation & purification
  • Disease Reservoirs* / parasitology
  • Disease Reservoirs* / veterinary
  • Dog Diseases* / parasitology
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Male
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / veterinary
  • Minnesota
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Muscle, Skeletal / parasitology
  • Phylogeny
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / genetics
  • Sarcocystis* / classification
  • Sarcocystis* / genetics
  • Sarcocystis* / isolation & purification
  • Sarcocystis* / ultrastructure
  • Sarcocystosis* / parasitology
  • Sarcocystosis* / veterinary
  • Wolves* / parasitology

Substances

  • DNA, Protozoan
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 18S