Optimization of double-cooking condition for low potassium potatoes using response surface methodology (RSM)

Food Sci Biotechnol. 2024 Apr 29;33(14):3269-3278. doi: 10.1007/s10068-024-01574-4. eCollection 2024 Nov.

Abstract

This study aimed to establish optimal double-cooking condition using response surface methodology that maintained hardness while maximizing potassium reduction rate. The experimental design was based on the first cooking time (4.5-5.5 min) and rinsing time (20-60 s) through central composite design. This study suggested an optimal double-cooking condition of 5.5 min for first cooking and 57.57 s for rinsing. The model corroborated that the double-cooking condition significantly influenced dependent variables, including potassium reduction rate, hardness, and color (b-value). As the first cooking time increased, the potassium reduction rate increased and the hardness and b-value decreased. SEM revealed that double-cooked potato had more organized and netted structure. This structure could be helpful to maintain hardness, but relatively large amount of potassium could be leached out. The established optimal double-cooking condition for potatoes holds promise for broadening the dietary options for chronic kidney disease patients.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease (CKD); Double-cooking; Hardness; Potassium; Potato; Response surface methodology (RSM).