Effect on Satiety-Related Biomarkers of Bar Snacks Containing Chickpea Flour and Pork Protein

Nutrients. 2024 Sep 20;16(18):3180. doi: 10.3390/nu16183180.

Abstract

This project aims to establish the acceptability and satiety of a hybrid snack containing plant protein and a small percentage of animal protein compared to a meat-based snack.

Design: Randomised, crossover, double-blind, controlled post-prandial trial involving 24 participants (18-30 years), with two interventions: (a) a hybrid snack containing plant protein derived from chickpeas and 6.6% lean high-quality pork meat; and (b) a meat-based snack containing 90% lean pork meat.

Methods: General, life-style, sensory acceptability questionnaire, and the following laboratory analyses were performed: lipid profile, endocannabinoids, and related compounds.

Results: Sensory questionnaires showed in general good acceptability for both bars. Additionally, there was a greater increase in glycemia at 30, 60, and 90 min after consuming the hybrid snack compared to the meat-based snack, with no changes in the lipid profile. Regarding the endocannabinoid compounds and related compounds, the compound N-palmitoleoyl ethanolamine in the acylethanolamide group showed higher levels overall following the consumption of the hybrid snack compared to the meat-based snack, particularly at 2 h.

Conclusions: The hybrid snack was associated with changes in endocannabinoid-like compounds. Therefore, it may provide a lasting satiating effect, while complementing the protein profile of plant-based foods with the quality of animal protein.

Keywords: endocannabinoid compounds; plant protein; satiety.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers* / blood
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Cicer* / chemistry
  • Cross-Over Studies*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Endocannabinoids
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pork Meat / analysis
  • Postprandial Period
  • Satiation*
  • Snacks*
  • Swine
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Endocannabinoids
  • Blood Glucose

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III: CP21/00097, PI20/00012; PI24/00236 for O.C.; Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (CDTI CEN program, 2019–2023); and by Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (2021 SGR 00144). The company Fertinagro Biotech S.L. has received funding thanks to the MEDKIDS PROJECT “Research and development of new food products for the preparation of a healthy basket for children’s food (MEDKIDS)” (2019: IDI-20190984), financed by the Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) through the Strategic Program of National Business Research Consortiums (CIEN).