EZHIP's role in diffuse midline glioma: echoes of oncohistones?

Trends Cancer. 2024 Dec;10(12):1095-1105. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.09.002. Epub 2024 Sep 28.

Abstract

The enhancer of zeste inhibitory protein (EZHIP) is typically expressed during germ cell development and has been classified as a cancer-testis antigen (CTA) in various cancers. In 2020, 4% of diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) were shown to aberrantly express EZHIP, mirroring the DMG hallmark histone H3 K27M (H3K27M) oncohistone mutation. Similar to H3K27M, EZHIP is a negative regulator of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), leading to global epigenomic remodeling. In this opinion, we explore the similarities and disparities between H3K27M- and EZHIP-DMGs with a focus on their shared functional hallmark of PRC2 inhibition, their genetic and epigenomic landscapes, plausible differences in the cell of origin, and therapeutic avenues. Upcoming research on EZHIP will help better understand its role in gliomagenesis and DMG therapy.

Keywords: EZHIP; H3K27M; diffuse midline glioma; epigenetics.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain Neoplasms / genetics
  • Brain Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology
  • Epigenesis, Genetic
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Glioma* / genetics
  • Glioma* / metabolism
  • Glioma* / pathology
  • Histones* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Oncogene Proteins
  • Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 / genetics
  • Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 / metabolism
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Histones
  • EZHIP protein, human
  • Polycomb Repressive Complex 2
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Oncogene Proteins