Genetic parameters of behavior traits of beef cattle classified using wearable devices

With the development of wearable devices, it is now possible to monitor livestock behavior 24 h a day. In this study, we estimated the genetic parameters of the daily duration of six behaviors (feeding, moving, lying, standing, ruminating while lying, and ruminating while standing) in beef cattle, automatically classified using wearable devices. The devices were attached to 332 Japanese beef cattle at two stations for approximately 5 months. We compared repeatability, Poisson regression, and random regression models using the deviance information criterion. Poisson regression models were selected for all traits at each station, probably because of the non-normal distribution of the phenotypes. The heritability estimates by the Poisson regression models were moderate at each station: 0.67 and 0.68 for feeding, 0.68 and 0.53 for moving, 0.47 and 0.55 for lying, 0.45 and 0.40 for standing, 0.51 and 0.59 for ruminating while lying, and 0.37 and 0.45 for ruminating while standing. The genetic correlations between these traits were all negative at both stations, whereas the residual correlations showed different directions depending on the station. Although validation studies with larger populations are needed to confirm these findings, this study provides fundamental knowledge of the genetic basis of daily behavior in beef cattle.