Plant based steroidal and triterpenoid sapogenins: Chemistry on diosgenin and biological aspects

Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Dec 5:279:116915. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116915. Epub 2024 Sep 30.

Abstract

Plants are rich in steroidal and triterpenoid saponins. Diosgenin is an important sapogenin obtained from various steroidal saponins and specially from dioscin. It possesses diverse pharmacological activities as it is capable of modulating various endogenous pathways. Diosgenin is the molecule of choice for the industrial synthesis of the steroid based clinical drugs namely progesterone, testosterone, dexamethasone, dehydroepiandrosterone, vitamin D3, steroidal contraceptive pills, norethindrone, norgestrel etc. Diosgenin has been a molecule of discussion due to its high demand in industry as well as for future research applications. Present review describes its chemistry and detailed pharmacological profile.

Keywords: Analogues; Bioactivity; Dioscin; Diosgenin; Pharmacokinetics; Saponin.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Diosgenin* / chemistry
  • Diosgenin* / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Sapogenins* / chemistry
  • Sapogenins* / pharmacology
  • Steroids / chemistry
  • Steroids / pharmacology
  • Triterpenes / chemistry
  • Triterpenes / pharmacology

Substances

  • Diosgenin
  • Sapogenins
  • Steroids
  • Triterpenes