In Vivo CRISPR Screening Reveals CHD7 as a Positive Regulator of Short-lived Effector Cells

J Immunol. 2024 Nov 15;213(10):1528-1541. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400213.

Abstract

CD8+ T cells differentiate into two subpopulations in response to acute viral infection: memory precursor effector cells (MPECs) and short-lived effector cells (SLECs). MPECs and SLECs are epigenetically distinct; however, the epigenetic regulators required for formation of these subpopulations are mostly unknown. In this study, we performed an in vivo CRISPR screen in murine naive CD8+ T cells to identify the epigenetic regulators required for MPEC and SLEC formation, using the acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Armstrong infection model. We identified the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler CHD7 (chromodomain-helicase DNA-binding protein 7) as a positive regulator of SLEC formation, as knockout (KO) of Chd7 reduced SLECs numerically. In contrast, KO of Chd7 increased the formation of central memory T cells following pathogen clearance yet attenuated memory cell expansion following a rechallenge. These findings establish CHD7 as a novel positive regulator of SLEC and a negative regulator of central memory T cell formation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes* / immunology
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology
  • Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
  • DNA Helicases / genetics
  • DNA Helicases / immunology
  • DNA-Binding Proteins* / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins* / metabolism
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / immunology
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / immunology
  • Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus* / immunology
  • Memory T Cells / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout*

Substances

  • Chd7 protein, mouse
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • DNA Helicases