Distinct Cognitive Trajectories According to Amyloid Positivity in Non-Alzheimer Disease Dementias

Clin Nucl Med. 2024 Dec 1;49(12):1073-1078. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000005457. Epub 2024 Oct 10.

Abstract

Background: The clinical effects of β-amyloid positivity (Aβ+) on copathologies in various dementias remain relatively underexamined. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and clinical effects of Aβ+ in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Patients and methods: We enrolled SVCI (n = 583), FTD (n = 152), and cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants (n = 1,249) who underwent Aβ PET scans. The odds of having Aβ+ were subsequently compared among the diagnostic groups (CU, SVCI, and FTD) according to age and apolipoprotein E genotype. Additionally, a linear mixed-effects model was used to investigate the effects of Aβ+ on cognitive trajectories in SVCI and FTD.

Results: Compared with CU, the SVCI group had a higher prevalence of Aβ+ in the 75 to 90 years age group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-2.85; P < 0.001), as well as within the apolipoprotein E ε3/ε3 group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.63; P = 0.001), whereas the FTD group showed no difference in Aβ+ prevalence. Aβ+ was associated with a worse cognitive trajectory in SVCI (adjusted β-coefficient = -0.6424; P < 0.001), but not in FTD.

Conclusions: These findings contribute to our understanding of Aβ biomarker traits in various dementias in Korea.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Amyloid / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Cognition
  • Dementia* / diagnostic imaging
  • Dementia* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Positron-Emission Tomography

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Apolipoproteins E
  • Amyloid