Anaerobe-targeted antibiotic therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit

Matthew B Green; Alvaro Zevallos Barboza; Sagori Mukhopadhyay; Jeffrey S Gerber; Michael J Morowitz; Karen M Puopolo; Dustin D Flannery

doi:10.1093/jpids/piae109

Anaerobe-targeted antibiotic therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2024 Oct 11:piae109. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piae109. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Matthew B Green¹, Alvaro Zevallos Barboza², Sagori Mukhopadhyay^{2

3}, Jeffrey S Gerber^{3

4}, Michael J Morowitz⁵, Karen M Puopolo^{2

3}, Dustin D Flannery^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA.
² Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁴ Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

PMID: 39392923
DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piae109

Abstract

Anaerobe-targeted antibiotic (ATA) therapy may adversely impact the developing neonatal microbiome. We describe utilization patterns, potential indications, and related outcomes of ATA therapy in neonatal intensive care units across the US over 13 years. While overall antibiotic use decreased, ATA use was unchanged. Potentially associated indications were inconsistent.

Keywords: anaerobic; antibiotic; bacteria; neonatal; prematurity.

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