Associations between anthropometric indices as complementary predictors and incidence of type 2 diabetes; Panasonic Cohort Study 21

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2024 Nov:217:111888. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111888. Epub 2024 Oct 10.

Abstract

Aims: To compare the predictive abilities of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-corrected BMI (wBMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for the incidence of type 2 diabetes and determine the practical cut-off values for the Japanese population.

Methods: This study used data from 155,623 participants who had medical checkups with Panasonic Corporation between 2008 and 2021. Predictive abilities of anthropometric indices were evaluated at 13 years using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.

Results: 8,800 developed type 2 diabetes during the study period. The area under the ROC curve for the WHtR was high (0.717, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.710-0.724), with cut-off value of 0.497 in men, while those for wBMI (0.829, 95 % CI: 0.808-0.848) and WHtR (0.826, 95 % CI: 0.806-0.845) were high in women, with cut-off values of 18.6 kg/m and 0.510, respectively. It was also showed WHtR was the most effective in men, while WHtR and wBMI outperformed WC and were comparable to BMI in women for predicting type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions: WHtR demonstrated superior effectiveness in predicting type 2 diabetes in men, while both WHtR and wBMI showed higher effectiveness than WC and were almost equivalent to BMI in women.

Keywords: Anthropometric indices; BMI; Type 2 diabetes; Waist circumference; Waist-to-height ratio; waist-corrected BMI.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anthropometry / methods
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Waist Circumference* / physiology
  • Waist-Height Ratio