Zeolitic imidazolate framework functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes as efficient adsorbents for rapid extraction of fluoroquinolones

Food Chem. 2025 Feb 1;464(Pt 1):141619. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141619. Epub 2024 Oct 11.

Abstract

Herein, a new, environmentally friendly, and economical magnetic solid-phase extraction method for fluoroquinolones (FQs) from milk samples was developed using novel recyclable zeolitic imidazolate framework functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4@MWCNTs@SiO2@ZIF-8) as adsorbents. Various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry, demonstrated that the adsorbent possessed a remarkable specific surface area, pore volume, and superparamagnetic properties, rendering it an excellent adsorbent. Combined with high-performance liquid chromatography, this method exhibited excellent linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9991) over the concentration range of 0.5-500 μg L-1, low limits of detection (0.10-0.34 μg kg-1), and low limits of quantification (0.30-1.00 μg kg-1). Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to analyze FQs in milk samples with recoveries ranging from 83.3% to 107.7% and relative standard deviations below 4.2%. The high efficiency and sensitivity of this method highlight the potential application of Fe3O4@MWCNTs@SiO2@ZIF-8 for analyzing FQs in complex matrices.

Keywords: Fluoroquinolone antibiotics; Food analysis; High-performance liquid chromatography; Magnetic solid-phase extraction; Metal-organic frameworks.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / isolation & purification
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Fluoroquinolones* / analysis
  • Fluoroquinolones* / chemistry
  • Fluoroquinolones* / isolation & purification
  • Food Contamination* / analysis
  • Imidazoles / chemistry
  • Metal-Organic Frameworks / chemistry
  • Milk* / chemistry
  • Nanotubes, Carbon* / chemistry
  • Solid Phase Extraction* / instrumentation
  • Solid Phase Extraction* / methods
  • Zeolites* / chemistry

Substances

  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Zeolites
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Imidazoles
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Metal-Organic Frameworks