Anti-inflammatory activity and underlying mechanism against sepsis-induced acute lung injury of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from the root of Stemona tuberosa Lour

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Dec;282(Pt 1):136617. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136617. Epub 2024 Oct 18.

Abstract

The root of Stemona tuberosa Lour has been used to treat tuberculosis, scabies, and eczema. Polysaccharides are among its main bioactive ingredients. A low-molecular-weight (1819 Da) polysaccharide (SPS2-A) was obtained from the root of S. tuberosa Lour by optimizing three-phase partitioning, purified using an ion chromatography column, and its effects and mechanisms were investigated. Structural analysis revealed that SPS2-A contained arabinose, galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), xylose, and mannose. The SPS2-A backbone structure comprised sugar residues →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, and →4,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, while the side chain primarily comprised α-D-Glcp-(1 → connected to the O-6 position of the residue →4,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→. In vitro, SPS2-A downregulated the expression of interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. In vivo, SPS2-A significantly downregulated the expression of myeloperoxidase, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Western blotting analysis indicated that SPS2-A reduced lung inflammation in mice with sepsis-induced acute lung injury by activating the nuclear factor κB pathway. These results suggest that SPS2-A is a potential anti-inflammatory candidate for the treatment of sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Polysaccharides; Reduce lung inflammation; Stemona tuberosa Lour root.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Lung Injury* / drug therapy
  • Acute Lung Injury* / etiology
  • Acute Lung Injury* / pathology
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents* / pharmacology
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Molecular Weight*
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Plant Roots* / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides* / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides* / pharmacology
  • Polysaccharides* / therapeutic use
  • RAW 264.7 Cells
  • Sepsis* / complications
  • Sepsis* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Polysaccharides
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • NF-kappa B