The link between the risk of cardiovascular diseases and the intake of different types of dietary carbohydrates in Iranian adults

Nazanin Beheshti; Aryan Tavakoli; Zahra Saeedirad; Zahra Mousavi; Narjes Nooriani; Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh; Zahra Mahmoudi; Majid Kamali; Saeideh Mohammadi; Seyed Ali Namakian; Parsa Bahmani; Sara Khoshdooz; Maryam Gholamalizadeh; Saeid Doaei; Akram Kooshki

doi:10.1097/XCE.0000000000000311

The link between the risk of cardiovascular diseases and the intake of different types of dietary carbohydrates in Iranian adults

Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Oct 16;13(4):e00311. doi: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000311. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institue for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine.
² Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
³ Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
⁴ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahed university, Tehran.
⁵ Department of Community Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan.
⁶ Deparment of Nutrition science and research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran.
⁷ Nutrition and Food Sciences Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan.
⁸ Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan.
⁹ Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Azad Islamic University of Medical Sciences.
¹⁰ Department of Community Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
¹¹ Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht.
¹² Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
¹³ Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
¹⁴ Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

Abstract

Background: The risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may be influenced by dietary carbohydrates. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between CVDs and the intake of carbohydrates.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data was extracted from the Prospective Epidemiologic Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) cohort in Sabzevar, Iran. A total of 4241 adults, including 1535 patients with CVDs and 2706 people without CVDs, were included. A validated 237-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate the intake of different types of dietary carbohydrates.

Results: A positive association was found between stroke and dietary intake of starch (OR = 1.108; 95% CI, 1.005-1.220; P = 0.039). Additionally, a negative association was found between stroke and dietary intake of sucrose (OR = 0.97; 95%CI, 0.94-0.99; P = 0.037). No association was found between other types of CVDs and the intake of different types of carbohydrates.

Conclusion: This study provided some evidence for the association between CVDs and different types of dietary carbohydrates. Consumption of starch may increase the risk of stroke, while a higher intake of sucrose may decrease the risk of stroke. Further studies are warranted.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; dietary carbohydrates; starch; sucrose.