Primary adrenal teratoma in an infant: A case report and literature review

Introduction: Teratomas are germ cell neoplasms arising from the totipotent stem cells. Retroperitoneal teratomas are very rare, accounting for about 5 % of all teratomas of those, primary adrenal ones are exceedingly rare, with few cases reported in the English literature in pediatric age group.

Case presentation: A nine-month-old female presented with a two-month history of gradually increasing abdominal distention, her physical examination revealed a palpable large abdominal mass. Abdominal CT imaging showed a right suprarenal heterogeneous mass. Oncological resection was performed, and histopathology confirmed a primary mature adrenal teratoma.

Discussion: The diagnosis of primary adrenal teratoma is usually challenging and relies predominantly on imaging studies, and histopathological finding.

Conclusion: Primary adrenal teratoma is extremely rare in pediatric age group, and present a significant diagnostic challenge, as a result it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with adrenal masses.