MRI-quality and morphometric MRI analysis to identify focal cortical dysplasia: An exploratory study

Seizure. 2024 Dec:123:37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2024.09.025. Epub 2024 Sep 30.

Abstract

Background: In the pre-surgical evaluation of people with focal epilepsy and a normal MRI, Morphometric Analysis Program v2018 (MAP18) aids in detecting visually inconspicuous focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). We investigated the impact of MRI scans with reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution (SR) on FCD detection by MAP18, aiming to improve the chances of achieving seizure freedom through epilepsy surgery.

Methods: Thirty MRI scans with the identified lesion using MAP18 radiologically confirmed as FCD by a neuroradiologist, were retrospective analysed. SNR and SR were artificially reduced in ten steps, and their impact on MAP18 outcomes was assessed using multilevel analysis.

Results: There was a significant effect after reducing SR and SNR for z-score and volume of the FCD cluster, the total number of detected clusters, and volume of these clusters. After SNR reduction, there was also a significant effect for z-score of the total number of detected clusters. FCD became undetectable by MAP18 after six steps of SR reduction (voxel size 2.8 × 2.8 × 2.8 mm³) and after two steps of SNR reduction.

Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that reduced SR and SNR negatively affect FCD detection with MRI post-processing (MAP18). The MAP18 evaluator should screen MRI quality before post-processing, particularly for scans with significant visual noise or voxel sizes of 2.8 × 2.8 × 2.8 mm³ and upwards, as repeating a low-quality MRI scan is less burdensome than the adverse effects of continued seizures due to failure to detect FCD.

Keywords: Epilepsy; Focal cortical dysplasia; MAP18; MRI quality.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / pathology
  • Child
  • Epilepsies, Partial / diagnostic imaging
  • Female
  • Focal Cortical Dysplasia
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / standards
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging* / standards
  • Male
  • Malformations of Cortical Development* / diagnostic imaging
  • Malformations of Cortical Development* / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Signal-To-Noise Ratio
  • Young Adult