The Trajectory of Antibody Responses One Year Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Indigenous Individuals in the Southwest United States

Viruses. 2024 Oct 5;16(10):1573. doi: 10.3390/v16101573.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics based on immunologic history is not fully understood. We analyzed anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibody responses following acute infection in a cohort of Indigenous persons. The models of peak concentrations and decay rates estimated that one year after infection, participants would serorevert for anti-nucleocapsid antibodies and remain seropositive for anti-spike antibodies. The peak anti-spike concentrations were higher for individuals vaccinated prior to infection, but the decay rates were similar across immunologic status groups. Children had significantly lower peak anti-spike concentrations than adults. This study affirms the importance of continued vaccination to maintain high levels of immunity in the face of waning immunity.

Keywords: Indigenous health; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral* / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral* / immunology
  • Antibody Formation
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / immunology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Indigenous Peoples
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • SARS-CoV-2* / immunology
  • Southwestern United States / epidemiology
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus* / immunology
  • Vaccination
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2