Comparison of left bundle branch area pacing between patients with pacing-induced cardiomyopathy and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Curr Probl Cardiol. 2025 Jan;50(1):102886. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102886. Epub 2024 Oct 30.

Abstract

Introduction: Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) seems to be an alternative to coronary sinus pacing in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NI-DCM) with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and in pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM). The aim of the study was to compare the response of LBBAP in severe forms of both entities.

Material and methods: Prospective study of patients with severe forms of PICM and NI-DCM in NYHA II-IV who underwent LBBAP. Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and electrical parameters were analysed and the medium-term prognostic impact was assessed.

Results: Eighty patients were included, 25 with PICM and 55 with NI-DCM. PICM patients were older (PICM 75 [IQR 71-83.5] y.o vs NI-DCM 72 [IQR 60-78.5] y.o;p=0.01) and with longer baseline QRS duration (PICM 180 [IQR 167-194] ms vs NI-DCM 168 [IQR 153-178] ms;p<0.01), with no differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or medical treatment. QRS reduction occurred in both groups, being greater in PICM (PICM CI 95% 54±20 ms, p<0.01; NI-DCM CI 95% 40±15 ms;p<0.01). A NT-ProBNP levels reduction and LVEF improvement were observed without differences between groups. At follow-up, there were no differences in admissions for HF (PICM 4.2% vs NI-DCM 11%;p=0.413), cardiac mortality (PICM 14.9% vs NI-DCM 2.9%;p=0.13) and all-cause mortality (PICM 21.7% vs NI-DCM 10.9%;p=0.08).

Conclusion: LBBAP is an effective technique with a NT-ProBNP levels reduction and LVEF improvement in both groups without differences. At follow-up, both groups had a low rate of HF readmissions and there was a non-significant trend toward higher total mortality in PICM.

Keywords: LVEF improvement; left bundle branch area pacing; non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy; pacing-induced cardiomyopathy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bundle of His / physiopathology
  • Bundle-Branch Block* / diagnosis
  • Bundle-Branch Block* / etiology
  • Bundle-Branch Block* / physiopathology
  • Bundle-Branch Block* / therapy
  • Cardiac Pacing, Artificial* / methods
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* / physiopathology
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* / therapy
  • Echocardiography / methods
  • Electrocardiography*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Stroke Volume* / physiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology

Substances

  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
  • Peptide Fragments