Comparison of Time to Next Treatment or Death Between Front-Line Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (DRd) Versus Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (VRd) Among Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Cancer Med. 2024 Nov;13(21):e70308. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70308.

Abstract

Introduction: Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (DRd) and bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd) are the only preferred treatment regimens for patients with transplant-ineligible (TIE) newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). As there are no randomized head-to-head studies of DRd versus VRd, this analysis aimed to compare real-world time-to-next-treatment (TTNT) or death in this population.

Methods: Patients with NDMM who received front-line (FL) DRd or VRd were identified from the Acentrus database (January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2023). Those with a record of a stem cell transplant or aged < 65 years were excluded to limit analysis to the TIE population. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to balance baseline patient characteristics. A doubly robust Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare TTNT or death between cohorts.

Results: A total of 149 and 494 patients who initiated DRd and VRd, respectively, were identified. After weighting (weighted NDRd = 302, weighted NVRd = 341), cohorts had similar baseline characteristics. Of these, 98 (32.4%) DRd and 175 (51.2%) VRd patients either received a subsequent line of therapy or died, with a median TTNT or death of 37.8 months in the DRd cohort and 18.7 months in the VRd cohort (hazard ratio: 0.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.35, 0.81; p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Treatment of TIE NDMM patients with DRd led to a significantly longer TTNT or death compared to VRd, evidenced by a 42% risk reduction, supporting the effectiveness of DRd over VRd as FL treatment in this patient population.

Keywords: bortezomib; daratumumab; drug therapy; health care; hematologic diseases; multiple myeloma; observational study; outcome assessment.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • Bortezomib* / administration & dosage
  • Bortezomib* / therapeutic use
  • Dexamethasone* / administration & dosage
  • Dexamethasone* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lenalidomide* / administration & dosage
  • Lenalidomide* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma* / drug therapy
  • Multiple Myeloma* / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time-to-Treatment

Substances

  • Dexamethasone
  • Lenalidomide
  • Bortezomib
  • daratumumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal