Postpartum Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting as Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy in a Young Female: A Report of a Rare Case

This case report presents a rare instance of acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), a subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), in a 25-year-old postpartum female. The patient experienced a seven-day history of progressive, ascending motor weakness in all four limbs, beginning shortly before delivery and rapidly worsening postpartum. Notably, she exhibited no sensory deficits, a hallmark feature of AMAN, which was confirmed by nerve conduction studies revealing significant motor axonal involvement with preserved sensory function. The diagnostic process was complicated by the overlap of AMAN symptoms with other neurological conditions and the unusual postpartum context. Treatment with high-dose corticosteroids and plasmapheresis resulted in significant clinical improvement, underscoring the effectiveness of these interventions in managing AMAN. This case highlights the importance of considering AMAN in postpartum patients presenting with acute motor deficits, even in the absence of typical GBS sensory symptoms. It also emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes. By contributing to the limited literature on AMAN in postpartum women, this report aims to enhance clinical awareness, improve diagnostic accuracy, and inform treatment strategies for similar cases in the future.