Objective: To explore the characteristics and eye disease distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients reported by Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted. Data of HIV-infected or AIDS patients who were reported for the first time in the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System by Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 were collected. Epidemiological data such as the patient's gender and age were recorded, and information such as the patient's clinical diagnosis, department classification, and laboratory test results were retrieved from the hospital's outpatient and emergency system and laboratory information system. Results: A total of 191 HIV-infected or AIDS patients were included, with an average age of (36.71±13.52) years, including 177 males and 14 females. The proportion of male and female patients showed no statistically significant change over the years (P>0.05). Most cases were initially diagnosed in the department of ophthalmology (75 cases, 38.22%), followed by the department of dermatology (49 cases, 25.65%). There were 42 cases (56.00%) reported in the fundus group, 10 cases (13.33%) in the cataract group, 8 cases (10.67%) in the refractive center, and other cases in the glaucoma, cornea, and ocular tumor groups. The ophthalmological diagnoses included uveitis (21 cases, 28.00%), retinopathy (13 cases, 17.33%), cataract (11 cases, 14.67%), refractive error (7 cases, 9.33%), glaucoma (4 cases, 5.33%), retinal detachment (3 cases, 4.00%), vitreous hemorrhage (3 cases, 4.00%), cytomegalovirus retinitis (2 cases, 2.67%), ocular tumor (2 cases, 2.67%), optic neuropathy (2 cases, 2.67%), conjunctivitis (2 cases, 2.67%), keratoconus (1 case, 1.33%), chronic dacryocystitis (1 case, 1.33%), lacrimal duct obstruction (1 case, 1.33%), corneal endothelial decompensation (1 case, 1.33%), and ectropion (1 case, 1.33%). Some patients had co-infections with syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Conclusions: There are undiagnosed HIV-infected or AIDS patients in some departments of non-infectious general hospitals, and the ophthalmological manifestations are mostly uveitis and retinopathy. Ophthalmologists should pay attention to the HIV infection or AIDS infection status of patients with eye diseases such as uveitis and retinopathy to reduce the risk of occupational exposure.
目的： 探讨首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院上报的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者或获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者的特征及眼病分布情况。 方法： 回顾性病例系列研究。收集2012年1月1日至2021年12月31日首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院在中国疾病预防控制信息系统中上报且为首次上报的HIV感染者或AIDS患者资料。记录其中患者性别、年龄等流行病学资料，并从医院的门急诊系统和实验室信息系统检索该患者的临床诊断、科室分类及实验室检查结果等信息。 结果： 共纳入HIV感染者或AIDS患者191例，年龄（36.71±13.52）岁，其中男性177例，女性14例。男、女患者构成比随年份的变化趋势无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。191例患者首诊科室以眼科最多（75例，38.22%），其次是皮肤科（49例，25.65%）等。首诊眼科的HIV感染者或AIDS患者共75例，其中于眼底组上报者42例（56.00%），白内障组10例（13.33%），屈光中心8例（10.67%），其他青光眼、角膜组、眼肿瘤组等均有上报。眼科诊断为葡萄膜炎者21例（28.00%），视网膜病13例（17.33%），白内障11例（14.67%），屈光不正7例（9.33%），青光眼4例（5.33%），视网膜脱离3例（4.00%），玻璃体出血3例（4.00%），CMV视网膜炎2例（2.67%）、眼肿瘤2例（2.67%）、视神经病2例（2.67%）、结膜炎2例（2.67%），圆锥角膜、慢性泪囊炎、泪道阻塞、角膜内皮失代偿、睑外翻各1例（均1.33%）。部分患者合并梅毒、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎等感染。 结论： 非传染病综合医院部分科室存在未经诊断的HIV感染者或AIDS患者，其眼科表现以葡萄膜炎和视网膜病多见。眼科医生应关注针对葡萄膜炎和视网膜病等眼病的患者HIV感染或AIDS感染情况，以降低职业暴露风险。.