Strategies for working with pragmatic clinical trial observational data-lessons learned from the Pain Management Collaboratory

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States.
• ² Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics, and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, United States.
• ³ Department of Biomedical Informatics & Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
• ⁴ United States Department of Veteran Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, New Haven, CT 06516, United States.
• ⁵ The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States.
• ⁶ Department of Physical Medication and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
• ⁷ Critical Path Institute, Tucson, AZ 85718, United States.