A qualitative study of the mental health outcomes in people being treated for obesity and type 2 diabetes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists

Objective: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with increased rates of mental disorders, particularly depression, anxiety and binge-eating disorder. GLP-1 receptor agonists are a novel class of pharmacological agents for obesity and T2D. We aimed to describe participants' experiences of GLP-1 receptor agonists on their mental health.

Methods: Qualitative, individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted in nine participants who were prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists for the treatment of obesity and/or T2D. Mental health status was measured at time of GLP-1 receptor agonist initiation and assessed again at 12-16 weeks when the semi-structured interview took place. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results: Three main themes were generated from the analysis: (1) acceptance of negative side effects for long term physical health benefits; (2) reflections on the diverse impact on mental health; (3) reduced appetite and increased control of eating behaviours.

Discussion: Overall, participants with obesity and/or T2D described a positive impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on their mental health, especially perception of improved control of eating behaviours. This suggests GLP-1 receptor agonists should be further studied for their potential effectiveness for treatment of binge-eating disorder.