Ecological interactions and unique resource partitioning between dolphins in the ultraoligotrophic eastern Mediterranean Sea

Mar Environ Res. 2025 Jan:203:106817. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106817. Epub 2024 Oct 28.

Abstract

This study delves into the eco-dynamics of three dolphin species in the ultra-oligotrophic waters off the southern Israeli Mediterranean coast - two neritic: the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and one pelagic: the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba). It utilizes compound-specific stable isotope analysis of individual amino acids to investigate carbon and nitrogen source variability and trophic positioning among the three species. Muscle samples from stranded individuals were analyzed for carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic ratios of amino acids, with Δδ15N (Glutamate-Phenylalanine) acting as an indicator of relative trophic position. The findings reveal minor differences in carbon source signatures and trophic position among species, but distinct nitrogen source signatures. The latter indicate discrete foraging habitats for bottlenose and striped dolphins and suggest that common dolphins transition between shallow benthic and deep pelagic feeding areas during the day and night, respectively, as part of their survival strategy.

Keywords: CSIA-AA; Delphinus delphis; Stenella coeruleoalba; Tursiops truncatus; Ultra-oligotrophic waters; δ(13)C; δ(15)N.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bottle-Nosed Dolphin* / metabolism
  • Bottle-Nosed Dolphin* / physiology
  • Carbon Isotopes / analysis
  • Dolphins / metabolism
  • Dolphins / physiology
  • Ecosystem*
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Food Chain
  • Israel
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Nitrogen / analysis
  • Nitrogen / metabolism
  • Nitrogen Isotopes / analysis
  • Stenella / metabolism

Substances

  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Nitrogen