Development of a new eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted extraction method to quantify tryptophan in wild mushrooms and determination of its beneficial properties

Alejandro R López; Elena Ortega-Caneda; Estrella Espada-Bellido; Nuria Chinchilla; Miguel Palma; María José Aliaño-González; Gerardo Fernández Barbero; Ceferino Carrera

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142006

Development of a new eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted extraction method to quantify tryptophan in wild mushrooms and determination of its beneficial properties

Food Chem. 2025 Feb 15;465(Pt 1):142006. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142006. Epub 2024 Nov 12.

Authors

Alejandro R López¹, Elena Ortega-Caneda¹, Estrella Espada-Bellido², Nuria Chinchilla³, Miguel Palma¹, María José Aliaño-González⁴, Gerardo Fernández Barbero⁵, Ceferino Carrera¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute for Viticulture and Agrifood Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
² Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute for Viticulture and Agrifood Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
⁴ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute for Viticulture and Agrifood Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
⁵ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute for Viticulture and Agrifood Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39541681
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142006

Abstract

Bioactive compounds in food offer health benefits by influencing cellular and physiological functions. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid and precursor to neurotransmitters like melatonin and serotonin, regulates mood and circadian rhythms. However, its quantification in mushrooms is scarce studied. An eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method has been optimized to quantify tryptophan using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array and fluorescence detector (UHPLC-DAD-Fl). Tryptophan levels were determined in 26 wild mushroom samples of the genus Lactarius and Boletus. The concentrations ranged from 0.042 mg/g to 0.742 mg/g. The extracts' health benefits were assessed for antioxidant capacity using DPPH (17.7 % - 71.6 %) and ABTS (7.2 % - 24.9 %) methods, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity ranged from 13.1 % to 49.8 %. Promising results were obtained. Hierarchical cluster analysis demonstrated a correlation between tryptophan concentration, mushroom species, location, and extract properties, highlighting tryptophan's crucial role in these mushrooms' health benefits.

Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; Antioxidant capacity; Bioactive compounds; Box–Behnken design; Mushrooms; Tryptophan; Tryptophan (PubChem CID: 6305); Ultrasound-assisted extraction.

Publication types

Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

Agaricales* / chemistry
Antioxidants / analysis
Antioxidants / chemistry
Antioxidants / isolation & purification
Chemical Fractionation / instrumentation
Chemical Fractionation / methods
Cholinesterase Inhibitors / analysis
Cholinesterase Inhibitors / isolation & purification
Cholinesterase Inhibitors / pharmacology
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Tryptophan* / analysis
Tryptophan* / chemistry
Ultrasonics

Substances

Tryptophan
Antioxidants
Cholinesterase Inhibitors