Correlation Between Repeated Low-Level Red Light-Induced Afterimage and Axial Changes in Myopia Control

Yawen Zhu; Xiaoli Qi; Ya Li; Gang Ding; Yichao Qian; Yiyao Lou; Xiangwen Kong; Ying Zhang; Jing Li; Xue Li; Xuehan Qian

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104400

Correlation Between Repeated Low-Level Red Light-Induced Afterimage and Axial Changes in Myopia Control

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2024 Nov 13:104400. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104400. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Yawen Zhu¹, Xiaoli Qi², Ya Li³, Gang Ding⁴, Yichao Qian⁵, Yiyao Lou⁶, Xiangwen Kong⁷, Ying Zhang⁸, Jing Li⁹, Xue Li¹⁰, Xuehan Qian¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁵ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁹ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹⁰ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹¹ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital,Tianjin,China.. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39547340
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104400

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the correlation between afterimages induced by repeated low-level red light (RLRL) and changes in refraction.

Method: Patients who used RLRL for myopia control from 2023.02 to 2024.06 were included in this study. The afterimage appeared on a gray background (RGB 217,217,217; Lab 87,0,0). Afterimage color was recorded with CIELAB nomenclature(R, G, B; L, a, b), and afterimage duration(T) was recorded in seconds. Axial length (AL) and axial length-to-corneal radius ratio (AL/CR) were followed up at 1-, and 3-month. Participants were divided into groups based on a=0 for GroupR(a>0,red bias in afterimage) and GroupG(a<0,green bias in afterimage); b=0 for GroupY(b>0,yellow bias in afterimage) and GroupB(b<0,blue bias in afterimage), and T=50.50 for GroupS (T<50.50,shorter afterimage duration) and GroupL (T>50.50,longer afterimage duration) groups.

Results: A total of 52 subjects were included in this study, with an age of 9.25 (1.75) years, 27(51.92%) males. The T median (P25, P75) was 50.50 (31.25,85.50) s. After RLRL treatment, divided by a=0, GroupG showed significantly more shortening in the AL changes than GroupR at 1month and 3months (both P<0.05) and the AL/CR changes difference was not significant. Divided by T=50.50, GroupS showed significantly greater shortening in the AL changes than GroupL at only 1month(P<0.05) and the AL/CR changes difference was not significant. Divided by b=0, the difference between GroupY and GroupB was not statistically significant(P>0.05).

Conclusion: The change of AL after RLRL treatment showed a correlation to the afterimage. Patients with green afterimage and shorter afterimage duration have a better AL shortening after RLRL treatment. Afterimage may serve as a biomarker for more effective myopia control.

Keywords: AL; RLRL; afterimage color; afterimage duration; myopia.