Long COVID for the Rheumatologist: Current Understanding and Approach to Management

Leonard H Calabrese; Cassandra Calabrese

doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2024.08.004

Long COVID for the Rheumatologist: Current Understanding and Approach to Management

Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2025 Feb;51(1):29-43. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2024.08.004. Epub 2024 Oct 15.

Authors

Leonard H Calabrese¹, Cassandra Calabrese²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Department of Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/CCalabreseDO.

PMID: 39550105
DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2024.08.004

Abstract

There are estimated tens of millions of individuals throughout the world suffering from a variety of postinfectious sequela following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 also commonly referred to as long coronavirus disease (COVID). Long COVID is providing an opportunity for the field of rheumatology to explore the relationship between similar syndromes including fibromyalgia seen in patients with underlying inflammatory and noninflammatory rheumatic diseases, as well as other postacute infectious sequela and bring our field's traditional skill sets to bear on improving our understanding of these disorders and the care of such patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; Infection; Long COVID; Postinfectious; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19* / complications
COVID-19* / therapy
Fibromyalgia / therapy
Humans
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome*
Rheumatic Diseases* / therapy
Rheumatologists
Rheumatology / methods
SARS-CoV-2