Chronic Gallstone Ileus Presenting as Acute Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Study

Am J Case Rep. 2024 Nov 18:25:e945343. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.945343.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Gallstone ileus is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. Rigler's classic triad for a gallstone ileus includes the following: small bowel obstruction, air in the biliary tract, and an obstructing gallstone. This triad, however, is not always observed. We present an unusual case of a gallstone present in the small bowel for several years prior to presenting with an acute obstruction. CASE REPORT A 71-year-old man presented with 3 days of lower abdominal pain, constipation, and abdominal distension, with his last reported bowel movement 3 days prior. The patient's vitals were stable, with a white blood cell count of 11.47×10⁹/L and no lactic acidosis. Abdominal exam was significant for bilateral lower-quadrant tenderness and mild distension. Findings on abdominal computed tomography revealed a large foreign body in the distal small bowel, with evidence of proximal small bowel obstruction. Review of imaging from 4 years prior incidentally revealed the foreign body more proximally in the jejunum. Laparoscopy and enterotomy were performed with removal of a 4×4 cm gallstone encased in fecal material. The patient recovered well from surgery and had no complications. CONCLUSIONS A 71-year-old man presented with lower abdominal pain and distension. Work-up revealed a small bowel obstruction secondary to a presumed foreign body, later found to be a gallstone. We present a highly unusual presentation of a gallstone ileus, with radiographic evidence of an enteric gallstone present 4 years prior, with no evidence of pneumobilia or biliary-enteric fistula in current or previous computed tomography scans.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Chronic Disease
  • Gallstones* / complications
  • Gallstones* / diagnostic imaging
  • Humans
  • Ileus* / diagnostic imaging
  • Ileus* / etiology
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / diagnostic imaging
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / etiology
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / surgery
  • Intestine, Small / diagnostic imaging
  • Male
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed