Transition-metal oxyhydrides are an emerging class of functional materials; however, the known compounds have mostly been limited to perovskite-type sturctures. Here, we successfully synthesized Li2NbHO2, the first example of a rock-salt-type transition-metal oxyhydride, using mechanochemical methods. Galvanostatic charge/discharge tests revealed that Li2NbHO2 functions as an electrode for lithium secondary batteries.