Comparing solution blow spinning and electrospinning methods to produce collagen and gelatin ultrathin fibers: A review

Ultrathin fibers have been used to design functional nanostructured materials for technological and biomedical applications. Combining the use of renewable and compatible sources with the emerging alternative SBS (solution blow spinning) technique opens new opportunities for material applications. In this review, we introduce the benefits of SBS over the classical electrospinning technique by following studies that use collagen or gelatin. SBS offers distinct advantages over electrospinning in the preparation of ultrathin fibers based on natural proteins, including the absence of high-voltage sources and the possibility of using fewer toxic solvents. Notably, there is also the prospect of using SBS directly in injured tissues, opening new strategies for in situ structure assembly SBS is a suitable approach to produce fibers at the nanoscale that can be tailored to distinct diameters by blending or simply adjusting experimental conditions. The focus on producing collagen or gelatin fibers contributes to designing highly biocompatible mats with potential for promoting cellular growth and implantation, even though their applications can be found also in food packaging, energy, and the environment. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the topic is essential to evaluate the current strategies regarding these materials and allow for their expanded production and advanced applications.