Hydrogel design and applications for periodontitis therapy: A review

Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jan;284(Pt 1):137893. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137893. Epub 2024 Nov 19.

Abstract

Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease characterized by microbial infection, inflammation, and damage to periodontal tissues. Hydrogels have emerged as promising carriers and regenerative biomaterials in periodontitis therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in hydrogel applications for treating periodontitis. We begin by examining the design principles of hydrogels, including their thermosensitive, self-healing, photo-crosslinkable, and adhesive properties. We then explore the innovations in drug delivery and release mechanisms within hydrogel-based systems, focusing on their roles in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and osteogenic therapies, as well as their synergistic combinations. By summarizing these developments, we aim to offer insights and stimulate further progress in the use of hydrogels for periodontitis and other oral health conditions.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Drug delivery; Drug release; Hydrogel; Periodontal regeneration; Periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
  • Biocompatible Materials / therapeutic use
  • Drug Carriers / chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Humans
  • Hydrogels* / chemistry
  • Hydrogels* / therapeutic use
  • Periodontitis* / drug therapy
  • Periodontitis* / therapy

Substances

  • Hydrogels
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Drug Carriers