Diagnosis, management and treatment of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation: A case series and literature review

The rising prevalence of cesarean sections, abortions, and other surgical interventions involving the uterus has led to an increased incidence of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). These malformations primarily present as vaginal bleeding, which can significantly impair the quality of life for affected individuals and can pose life-threatening risks in severe instances. Currently, there exists considerable variability in the clinical manifestations, treatment indications, and outcomes associated with uterine AVMs, which substantially complicates clinical diagnosis and management. In this report, we present five cases of uterine AVM that developed following abortion and were treated at our institution. The patients underwent various treatment modalities, with all but one achieving a high rate of fertility preservation. We underscore the importance of tailoring AVM treatment to factors such as patient age, volume of vaginal bleeding, urgency of the situation, size of the lesion, and fertility aspirations.