Characterizing chest pain in patients with acute coronary syndrome at Vietnam National Heart Institute: a case-control study

J Int Med Res. 2024 Nov;52(11):3000605241300009. doi: 10.1177/03000605241300009.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to distinguish chest pain characteristics between patients with and without acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at Vietnam National Heart Institute.

Methods: A case-control study using a structured chest pain assessment questionnaire was performed to examine pain characteristics.

Results: Smoking, a history of heart attack, and a family history of cardiovascular disease were associated with increased ACS-related chest pain risk. Patients without ACS more frequently reported left or central chest pain, mild discomfort, pain triggered by activity, and relief with rest or nitroglycerin. ACS-related chest pain was more often characterized by pain radiating to the back, a sensation of tightness or severe discomfort, gradual intensity increase, occurrence at rest or with minimal exertion, and accompanying sweating. No significant sex differences were found in ACS-related chest pain symptoms.

Conclusions: Targeted assessment of chest pain features-such as pain radiation, pressure sensation, symptom escalation, duration, activity triggers, and relief factors-could improve public awareness and support the development of educational resources on ACS and non-ACS symptoms.

Keywords: Chest pain; acute coronary syndrome; cardiovascular risk factor; case-control study; non-acute coronary syndrome; pain assessment.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome* / complications
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chest Pain* / diagnosis
  • Chest Pain* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Vietnam / epidemiology