The onset of myasthenia gravis (MG) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) seriously threatens the survival of patients, since it is acute, and is prone to rapid progression. Two patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), who had undergone allo-HSCT developed shortness of breath, and gradually developed cervical weakness and dyspnea. The acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody and neostigmine test enabled the diagnosis of MG. The condition of the patients improved after treatment with pyridostigmine bromide, glucocorticoids and rituximab.
异基因造血干细胞移植后合并重症肌无力（MG）发病急，易快速进展，严重威胁移植后患者的生存。本文报道2例急性髓系白血病患者，行异基因造血干细胞移植后首发症状为气短，逐渐出现抬颈无力、呼吸困难，经乙酰胆碱受体抗体、新斯的明试验等检测，最终均诊断为MG。予溴吡斯的明、糖皮质激素或利妥昔单抗等治疗后病情均好转。.