Anti-tumor Effects of Idarubicin Hydrochloride in Desmoid Tumors

Anticancer Res. 2024 Dec;44(12):5313-5322. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17359.

Abstract

Background/aim: Desmoid tumors (DTs), also referred to as aggressive fibromatosis, originate from connective tissues and typically manifest with a propensity for local invasion. Despite extensive research efforts aimed at exploring novel anti-tumor agents for DTs, the development of effective clinical management strategies remains an ongoing challenge due to the limited success of current treatments, which frequently lead to inconsistent outcomes and a high recurrence rate of DTs. To overcome these limitations, we focused our research aim on a drug repositioning approach to identify existing medications that could be effective against DTs.

Materials and methods: Mouse models with Apc mutations, specifically Apc1638N/+ and Apc1638N/+/Trp53-/-, were generated to study DTs. Primary desmoid cells were isolated from these models for experimental analysis. Idarubicin hydrochloride (IDH), a topoisomerase II (TOPO II) inhibitor, was tested on these primary cells, colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, and tumor organoids derived from Apc1638N/+ mice. Cell viability was determined with the WST reagent and colony formation assay was evaluated. The anti-tumor efficacy of IDH was tested in an in vivo CRC xenograft model using HCT-116 cells.

Results: The TOPO II inhibitor IDH showed significant growth inhibition effects on Apc1638N/+ and Apc1638N/+/Trp53-/- cells. IDH also showed remarkable anti-tumor effects on CRC cell lines and tumor organoids derived from intestinal tumor cells of the Apc1638N/+ mouse model. Furthermore, IDH exerted dramatic anti-tumor effects on an HCT-116 cell line xenograft mouse model.

Conclusion: IDH could be a promising therapeutic agent for inhibiting DTs and CRC by targeting TOPO II.

Keywords: Desmoid tumors; anti-cancer therapy; anti-tumor therapy; colorectal cancer; idarubicin hydrochloride.

MeSH terms

  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / genetics
  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Desmoid Tumors* / drug therapy
  • Desmoid Tumors* / pathology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Idarubicin* / pharmacology
  • Mice
  • Mutation
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Idarubicin
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
  • Trp53 protein, mouse
  • adenomatous polyposis coli protein, mouse